Consider the way drugs metabolize and the series of chemical reactions that they go through
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Topic: Reply to the teacher (Dr. Shirley Sexton) response to my post Week 1 Variations in Drug Response
Details: This is the teacher’s reply to my post below:
Mary,
We must consider the way drugs metabolize and the series of chemical reactions that they go through, which is not the same for all drugs. Drugs typically go through 2 phases of metabolism. Phase 1 involves oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis. These phase 1 reactions usually yield molecules that are not very different from the original substance (medication). Phase 2 reactions involve coupling or conjugation of the drug molecule with other compounds, such as amino acids. These reactions are also called synthetic reactions and their products can be much different from the original substance (medication). Many drugs are metabolized sequentially in this way (phase 1 and then phase 2), but some are only metabolized by 1 stage or the other. Therefore, not all biotransformation reactions result in nontoxic products. A good example of this would be the hepatotoxicity (of the liver) seen with the common pain reliever acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID’s) like Advil or Aleve. So, we must know if patients are taking these medications daily in addition to other factors like whether or not they consume alcohol.
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