What’s the difference between a traditional and nuclear family?
List of Concepts for Exam
Questions for RENU
What’s the difference between a traditional and nuclear family?
1. Why do we study family as a social institution?
• family serves a very important function in social life, it considered to be a major family institution and in order to understand it, we have to define what we mean by family
• The structure of family has changed (gay couples, or adopted children, step-parent)
2. What is marriage?
• as a legally recognized social contract between two people, traditionally based on a sexual relationship and implying a permanence of the union
• Other variations on the definition of marriage might include whether spouses are of opposite sexes or the same sex, and how one of the traditional expectations of marriage (to produce children) is understood today.
3. What types of marriages are there in our society?
Answer: Same sex marriage, common law marriage, Civilmarriage , Religious marriage, etc.
6. What is the relationship between sexism and gender?
Answer: just because you are born with certain of male or female doesnt mean you have to play out that role
8. Why is verbal and non-verbal communication important in family relationships?
Answer: yelling and screaming can affect the whole family
11. Role conflict what is it?
• You as an individual, you have so many different roles, the roles conflict with each other – separate roles as mother, lawyer etc..
• when a person has roles that have different statuses, and it also occurs when people disagree about what the responsibilities for a particular role should be, whether in the personal or professional realms.
12. What is role strain/relationship stress?
Answer: not able to tend to your role
13. Types of non-verbal communication
Answer: body language, negligence
14. Types of love
Answer: The 4 types of loves- CS LOWES
1.Storge- fond of that person, they are familiar to you, some people you meet and you like them (magnetic energy field) atoms and particles merge with you. (one way)
2.Phileo- not simply fondness, but fondness in two ways. Both individuals are fond and like spending time together (2 way)
3.Eros- passionate, romantic, I got to see you right now (love sick). Erotic kind of relationship, tabulated of the physical appearance, material love
4.Agape- pure unconditional love, where you care about them, you hurt when they hurt, unity that is so sacred. Soul mate (the person).
15. The role of nurturing
Answer: The family usually nurtures their children to be just like them, for example if their parents hold hands and kiss all the time, so will the children when they get older. As a parent you take care of all the basic needs a child will need in their life.
16. The role of forgiveness in family life
Answer: in order for you to stop hurting
17. What is the roadblock to forgiving?
Answer: retribution – revenge
18. What is self-disclosure
Answer: Self-disclosure is a process of communication by which one person reveals information about themself to another.
19. What is conflict management?
Answer: how you manage your conflicts, going to see a therapists
21. Goffman and dramaturgical analysis
Answer: Goffman believed our life is like a theater play in which we dramatize our lives with a predetermined future. He called this is dramaturgical analysis, where nothing is complex, we are all actors of a play.
23. What is LAT, living apart together
LAT – Living apart together
• More pervasive – broader social context, no longer live together, going to school in a different location, working in a different location
• EX. Military family
– the idea is that the LAT relationship is a very practical approach to coupling
– by living apart together – more flexibility – yes you do want it to work
– Situation of living apart together is more common
– not cohabitation scenario
– when you live apart together – you might not be spending a lot of time together – less likely to have conflict, more like catching up
– Supply and demand – you know what it’s like when you’re not around
– take each other for granted
– there existence in your life
• Erotic/All physical <——————————————————> Compassionate Love
– If the relationship is based completely on the erotic – the relationship is likely to fail
– and if you are completely compassionate love it becomes closer to a brother/sister relationship
– so you need aspects of both elements
24. What is sexual harassment
Answer: It is a type of harassment technique that relates to a sexual nature and the unwelcome or inappropriate touching of someone where consent was not given. In order to touch another individual you must always get verbal or written consent.
25. The feminist ideas about gender?
Answer: Feminist marxist argue that males usually hold more power than the women in a relationship, family, workplace and society. They believe women are treated unequally, for example; women are still paid less than men in the workplace. Feminist believe men and women should be equal all around. The double shift portrays inequality between both genders.
29. Biology nature and nurture in family life (your traits are they inherent, born with them or develop them)
Answer:
30. How Symbolic interactionism, structural functionalism and conflict theory play a role in life
• Symbolic interactionists focus more on the day to day interactions between spouses.
• From a structural functional viewpoint the family was a unit the ensured survival of members through separate roles for men and women.
• Conflict Theory:
31. Biology nature vs nurture
Answer: you developed them through family
33. Foundation of love and intimacy
Answer: infatuation; the (4)
35. How symbolic interactionism, structural functionalism, conflict theory
Answer: looking glass ; work everyone has a job to fulfill, without conflict there is no progression and better relationships
36. The double shift
• Double shift – still have work to do at home – Arlie Hochschild
• takes an emotional toll on women – extramarital relationship come home 2 hours late – not a lot of excuses where men have all kinds of excuses
• The double shift is having two jobs which consist of at the workplace and at home.
37. The issues that arise in marriage
Answer: in laws, financial and raising kid
41. Charles Darwin and theory of evolution of sexual attraction based on our perceptions?
Answer: hidden things you really want to see
44. What is dating and speed dating
popular in Toronto – Speed Dating – 20 people set up to meet – 1 minute to get to know each other – from the way they look, speak you will decide based on a few words that you might like to go further with someone
47. Social exchange theory
Answer: what you can offer, and they are attracted to those offerings
55. Sexual dissatisfaction model
Answer: sexually attracted
57. Lawrence, being a parent quickly leads to marital decline, lack of sleep?
Answer: no more time for ones-self
61. Open, closed and healthy boundaries
Answer:
• Closed: strict parents who do not the child whatever he/she wants resulting in the child caring more for parents and creating responsibility.
• Open: parents who give the child whatever he/she wants. He will grow careless and will think that he does not matter.
63. Byland and brommer, what we discussed?
Answer: having conversation with children that helps create intimacy and bond with the family
65. What is Child brokering?
• Child brokering: a shift in positions between the child and the parent – immigrant mother and 10 year old daughter, daughter would take over phone calls in English – technology – children teaching parents how to use it
• young girls especially, boys too are brokered between their mum and dad in terms of language
• mother might feel inadequate with cultural differences and then dependant on the child for communication
• when as a young child, teen or tween male or female when they have undue pressure it can have negative consequences as they’re left with less time for themselves, homework for instance
• having to babysit younger siblings and causes undue stress
66. Religion and family life, it’s affects?
67. What is Marital satisfaction?
68. What are the Divorce rates?
69. What types of marriage are likely to decline?
70. What is gender equality?
71. What is aggression?
72. Bullying how it affects the family relationships
73. Conflict between spouses and siblings
74. The historical aspects of love in society?
75. The effect of the environment on families, city vs. farm life?
76. Role of technology on family interaction and communication?
77. Collective bonds?
78. Max Weber on rationality and modern society and effects on family life?
79. Weber interpretation and understanding and sexuality and porn?
80. Kamasutra
81. What is the effect on research on society and family life?
82. Aboriginal family and immigrant families, the decline in their life when they come to Canada
Summary of family:
• ⅓ of murder are family relate din 2016.
• Traditional nuclear family- consists of a married couple, child (sister brother) and pet
• Family can also be considered friends
• Conflict leads to better communication in the family
• Feminist marxist they argue Males usually hold more power in the family
• You are expected to replicate mannerism and actions of your gender which creates a domino effect of inequality between gender roles
• Intentional family- whose members are not related by blood, and share the same residence and common lifestyle (step parents). The need of intentional family can be due to the need for companionship.
• common law marriage (paperless) do not have the same privileges as govt marriages.
• Structural funct. And conflict theory are macro theories – global scale (to help families function better in society). Ex; having kids, job
• Symbolic interactionism- micro, interactions one on one
• Interactions between the family could affect children positively or negatively giving them an insight of the world.
• Looking glass self- charles and cooley: interaction with family and society that helps you become the person you are- if people laugh at my jokes, i will think i’m funny.
• Family provides primary socialization agent, the family nurtures us to be like them (the child wants to be like the family)
• Goffman- believed that our life is like a theater play, which we dramatize wirth a predetermined future (all written out) we are actors.
• Karl Marx- the more important commodity becomes, the less important humanity becomes- (materialistic)
• Feuerbach- He says that the belief of god should come from within yourself, it has to be subjective.
• Individuals have to step up to the plate when they enter a new relationship. Example a new dad has a change in status from husband to father etc.
• Role strain- feeling discomfort from not being able to meet an expectation of a role (sick mom cant take care of her baby because she is in the hospital)
• Role taking- being in someone’s shoe
• Symbolic interactionism – Goerge herbet Mead
• What is love- it can be either abusive or nice, people can become love sick and not realize it. It can be homo or hetero.
• Heteronormativity- the term asumes and claims that every marriage should be heterosexual (male & female)
• Every family has developmental tasks and if not fulfilled it creates stigma – not reaching expectations
• Stigma: disapproval or disowned by an individual.
• Childless couples are known as selfish by stereotype
• Dual income- 2 people earning money
• Generational factor- bc ppl are not having babies at a fast rate generations will cease to exist in the future.
• Speed dating: 20 people in the room pick 1 most attracted to within a 1 minute.
• Self disclosure: when you disclose yourself to someone about private information.
• Infatuation – Short lived passion for someone before love. Seeing someone and having butterflies, crazy about someone for a short amount of time.
• Four Types of love : Storage (fond of a person who is like you) . Phileo (freindhsip bond), Eros (erotic relationship- sexuale), Agape (soulmate, unconditional love- weh nthey hurt you hurt)
• 2 ends of the continuum- eros and agape
• Erotic/All physical <——————————————————> Compassionate Love = to date someone
• For a long term relationship – propinquity is important (how close you are to someone, physical distance)
• Ethnicity is fluid- because you can socialize yourself to be part of another ethnicity
• Social class is important in the context of love, because if people can relate to that social class they will most likely marry you. Fit hey cannot they will not consider you a life partner.
• Ethnicity is in a constant state of flux: they are always changing and adapting.
• Marx – relationship all depend on capital (the more money you have the more a relationship is successful
• Males do not mind being the only breadwinner because they want a trophy wife. The female is the opposite. She likes personality over appearance.
• Feminists- would argue that men would want women to give up job security.
• Intermarriage- mariage between two people that are different culture, race, cast (status)
• Interatial marriage – marriage between different races
• Visible minority- a person who isn’t aboriginal or white
•
• Minority group: Groups of people who are less in population and power than the dominant group in the nation or society.
• Stereotypes- all stereotypes are either negative or positive which are all damaging
• Integration- how you integrate with people in society, interact with other families
• Bi-culture
• Mate selection- it is divided into two streams
1. Your mate is decided by the individual
2. Decided by the family (arranged married)
• Women do 80% of the work at home
• Societies are becoming less religious (secular)
• Adam and Coontz- they believe that in the past marriage was the biggest benchmark but no longer today (the biggest thing in life).
• Fluidity- the opposite to in ordered life,
• importance of fluidity is to prevent a forced or arranged marriage
• Some places in the world find it a norm to have an ordered life.
• Shamed and disowned if you don’t follow this in certain parts of the world
• Western societies have shifted from arranged marriages to free choices
• In the west we take eastern practices and transform them into our own view.
• Romantic love
1. Structural functionalist say: The structure of the relationship is what allows it to function in harmony
2. Conflict theorist says: norms of mate selection reproduce existing class structure
3. Feminist perspective: women are considered as object when in context of mate selection because male care for appearance over personality
4. Symbolic interactionist say: mate selection all comes down to how couples communicate and interact with one another. If communication skills are lacking so will their relationship.
• Three reasons why couples have conflict
1. Financial problems
2. In laws
3. How to raise the child
• Freedom of choice- allows us to marry whoever we want – legal barriers (brother, sister, one marriage at a time, endogamy, exogamy)
• Geographical factors is where we marry people in close proximity
• Field of eligibles – partners who are considered acceptable by society, Ex; in the 1800s it was inacceptables to marry a black person
• THE SIMILARITY THEORY when you marry someone with the same level of appearance as you, ( ugly marries ugly).
• SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORY: You choose a partner who’s attracted to what you have to offer. (A rich guy will look for a woman who is money hungry, in order to have fun and pleasure).
• A longer a marriage lasts the less likely for a divorce
• Clark and Compton: when children are involved = less divorce rate
• Couples with same religion = lower divorce rate
• Remarrying is generally in favor of the women because she looks for a more economically stable man.
• Women are more likely to initiate divorce if spouse is unfaithful
• If men is breadwinner, he is more likely to cheat
• Men are more likely to cheat on their wives if the wife is breadwinner
• Divorce rates are higher in cities becomes there are more single women employed- (office affairs)
• Divorce today – more positive outcomes than negative
• More people are getting divorced because their emotional needs aren’t met ( communication is an emotional need).
• Couples today are more likely to cohabit before marriage, the breakup rate is very high because they have the option to walk away
• LAT (living apart together, but married)
• Marriage act: it identifies people who cannot marry
• Civil marriage act: defines marriage as a union of two people.
• Serial monogamy – series of marriages to many people, but only one time at a time.
• stockholm sweden – 60% of the population lives alone due to equality which result in independence.
• Rising status women- started because hillary clinton ran for president
• Economic affluence: abundance of money both genders should be able to achieve this status
• Males live up to 83 years old Females live up to 86 years old.
• Great power: the political and financial influence of elderly people.
• Sociological imagination: coined by C Wright Mills, any decision you make in society made it for you.
• Wedding ceremony has two functions: 1. For public acknowledgement 2. Marking change in status and roles of family members (change of credential – the in laws)
• Married couples are declining in canada
• In 2005 same sex marriage has been legal
• DURKHEIM ANOMIE: Disappearance of norms and values in the society we once knew. Example: old people do not recognize the current society anymore because they are used to old fashion ways.
• INDIVIDUAL society: people who focus only on themselves
• COLLECTIVE society: People who care for others in the community.
• Communication is an interconnected process; there is a verbal language style, tone, body language when we communicate.
• Open and closed communication units
• Open communication: have the freedom of saying whatever you desire to your parents
• Closed communications: only certain things you may say to you parents (conservative family).
• verbal/ actions: actions speak louder than words
• SYNERGISTIC RELATIONSHIPS -words and actions work together
• BOUNDARIES: OPEN AND CLOSED
• Closed: strict parents who do not the child whatever he/she wants resulting in the child caring more for parents and creating responsibility.
• Open: parents who give the child whatever he/she wants. He will grow careless and will think that he does not matter.
• Health boundaries: keeping balance between open and close boundaries.
• Bylund and Brommer: open conversation and communication with the child results in helping the child create intimacy and bonds with the family.
• Codes of conduct: how you dress, act, eat are all depending on your cultures regulation.
• Role conflict: when a single individual has many roles that some roles might conflict with one another. (police officers, moms activ like moms in the workplace)
• Child brokering: shift in positions between child and parent. (use child if you cannot communicate proper english)
• This causes a lot of stress and strains on the child, it can also cause him to be more responsible, and take over the parents role.
On having kids, why immigrants do not much kids.
• Cultural effect- immigrant parents will not have a lot of kids because they are too busy working
• Selection effect: wanting both people in the relationship to work, which causes not time to have kids
• Convergence effect: immigrants who come with a lot of kids, those kids will not have a lot of children because they adapt to canadian forms
• Disruptive effect: if the community has a lot of kids you follow the social norm.
• Voluntarily childless: choosing no to have kids.
• Outsiders will want to know why you are childless.
• Women who chose to not have children are labeled anti-social (doing opposite of norms)
• Couples’ may be perceived as selfish
• Self disclosure is important in a relationship in order to in sync, having good communication.
• Family members seek retribution for past actions (revenge)
• You have to forgive in order to not hurt
• Phases of marriages (4)
1. Role conflict
2. Restriction of freedom
3. Sexual dissatisfaction model
4. Financial cost model
• A family without a child = still a family
• Refrigerator mom: a theory that autism is caused by a lack of maternal warmth. Current research indicates that a combination of genetic factors predominate in the cause of autism.
• Intensive mothering: dominant form of mothering – where the mother are the central caregivers,
• Putting the children’s needs above the mothers
• Children are pure and innocent, you cant put a price on a child.
• Characteristic of working women:
• They’re older
• Pursue dreams and careers over family
• Often hold managerial positions
• Less likely to have children
• The main stressors for family where women are the primary earner is TIME
• No time for family, partner, in laws….
• We socialize children to be active members in society, where a mother and father’s love is altruistic (they want nothing in return), they expect their child to be very successful and independent which is selfish because if the child does not achieve, the parents goal he or she is disowned.
• David Olsen:
The Art of You Paper (AYP:) 7 pages(not including title page, references, 12 pt, double-spaced)
The paper is an artistic representationof your cumulative knowledge about the significance of family life and dynamics to socal life in Canadian society and globally. It should include aspects of readings, lectures, visuals and discussions during class. How has this affected you and your personal relationships, life goals and notions of your Self.You may draw on passages from The Mastery of You for your analysis.
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